Google, founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph.D. students at Stanford University, began as a search engine designed to improve the way people accessed information online. Its algorithm, PageRank, set it apart by prioritizing the relevance and quality of search results, rapidly establishing Google as the dominant player in internet search. The company's influence has expanded far beyond search, encompassing a broad array of services including Gmail, Google Maps, Google Drive, and the Android operating system. Known for its innovation and acquisition strategy, Google has become a cornerstone of digital life, shaping how people interact with technology and information. Its impact on both technology and society is profound, driven by a relentless pursuit of innovation and data-driven solutions.
On its 25th birthday, Wikipedia confronts A.I.-driven traffic drops while betting on licensing deals, video and new tools to survive.
Paul Sloane, a longtime authority on innovation and lateral thinking, examines how companies such as Airbnb, Booking.com, Amazon and Google use experimentation to thrive in unpredictable markets. Sloane argues that disciplined experimentation—not certainty or prediction—has become the defining leadership skill for navigating volatility and unlocking unexpected solutions.
Here are four key themes Observer has identified over the past year of covering the A.I. space. Many of these developments are still unfolding and are likely to shape the field well into 2026 and beyond.